Kimi K3
Ring-1T is an open-source idea model with a trillion parameters released by the Bailing team. It is based on the Ling 2.0 architecture and the Ling-1T-base foundational model for training, with a total parameter count of 1 trillion, an active parameter count of 50 billion, and supports up to a 128K context window. The model is trained via large-scale verifiable reward reinforcement learning (RLVR), combined with the self-developed Icepop reinforcement learning stabilization method and the efficient ASystem reinforcement learning system, significantly improving the model’s deep reasoning and natural language reasoning capabilities. Ring-1T achieves leading performance among open-source models on high-difficulty reasoning benchmarks such as mathematics competitions (e.g., IMO 2025), code generation (e.g., ICPC World Finals 2025), and logical reasoning.